Particle Research Abstracts:
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Bibliography of abstracts from this issue.Chemical characterization of fine particle
emissions from fireplace combustion of woods grown in the northeastern
United States.Fine PM, Cass GR, Simoneit BR. Environmental Engineering
Science Department, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena,
California 91125,
USA. 1: Environ Sci Technol 2001 Jul 1;35(13):2665-75
A series of source tests was conducted to determine the chemical
composition of fine particle emissions from the
fireplace combustion of six species of woods grown in the northeastern
United States: red maple, northern red
oak, paper birch, eastern white pine, eastern hemlock, and balsam
fir. Results include fine particle emission rates
for total mass, organic and elemental carbon, ionic species, elemental
species including potassium, and over 250
specific organic compounds. The data are intended for use in source-apportionment
studies that utilize particulate
organic compounds as source-specific tracers. The cellulose pyrolysis
product levoglucosan was quantified in
each of the wood smokes studied and is thus a good candidate as
a molecular tracer for wood combustion in
general. Differences in emission rates of specific substituted
phenols and resin acids can be used to distinguish
between the smoke produced when burning hardwoods versus softwoods.
Certain organic compounds, such as
betulin from paper birch combustion and juvabione and dehydrojuvabione
from balsam fir combustion, are
unique to those species and can potentially be utilized to trace
particulate emissions back to a specific geographical
region where those individual tree species are used for firewood.
PMID: 11452590 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Indonesian
Fires - ScienceDirect - Atmospheric Environment: Source identification
of Malaysian atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons nearby
forest fires using molecular and isotopic compositions (click
on abstract.)
T. Okuda, H. Kumata, M.P. Zakaria, H. Naraoka, R. Ishiwatari,
H.
Takada
pp 611-618
Full text via ScienceDirect :
DOI: 10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00277-9
PII: S0269-7491(01)00277-9
Copyright © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
Impact of wildfires on the air quality of Mexico City, 1992-1999
A. H. Bravo, , E. R. Sosa, A. P. Sánchez, P. M. Jaimes
and R. M. I. Saavedra
Centro de Ciencias de la Atmósfera, Sección
de Contaminación Ambiental, U.N.A.M., Circuito exterior,
Ciudad Universitaria, México, D.F., 04510, Mexico
Received 31 July 2001; accepted 13 August 2001. Available
online 22 October 2001.
Abstract
Wildfires in Mexico increased in 1998, compared to information
for the last 6 years. The average number of wildfires in the Mexico
City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) for this year (1998)
were 58% (1916 events) more events than the 19921997 (average
cases 1217 events). Mexico City affected area corresponds to 1.3%
of the national affected area. The purpose of this
paper is to evaluate the impact on the particles air quality due
to the wildfire emissions at the MCMA and surrounding areas. Using
the corresponding US EPA emission factors for
wildfires, the tons of particulate matter, nitrogen oxides, carbon
monoxide, and total hydrocarbons emitted by this source for the
MCMA case were obtained. The calculated emissions
during wildfires were correlated with the levels of particles
present in the atmosphere. A comparison of the concentration levels
of particles, both as PM10 as well as TSP, were made for
the years 19921998, during wet and dry season, being March, April,
and May the critical months due to the presence of wildfires.
A good correlation is observed between particulate
wildfire emissions and particulate air quality, being stronger
for TSP. A clear impact on the particles air quality due to the
increase of wildfires in 1998, is observed when this year is
compared with 1997, presenting an increment of 200-300% for some
monitoring stations.
Wildfires contributed to the particulate load in the Mexico
City Metropolitan area in 1998.
Author Keywords: Wildfires; Mexico City; Particulate matter;
Air quality; Smoke
Corresponding author. Tel.: +525616-0701; fax: +52-5622-4052;
email: hbravo@servidor.unam.mx
Environmental Pollution
Volume 117, Issue 2
April 2002
Pages 243-253
Software and compilation © 2002 ScienceDirect. All rights
reserved.
ScienceDirect® is an Elsevier Science B.V. registered trademark.
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