Science: Cooper's Paper, pg. 7

Table IX. Major pollutant emissions from residential wood combustion compared to emissions from other sources in the Portland-Vancouver AQMA} (1978)Click for the popup. popup

21. D. G. DeAngelis, D. S. Ruffin, and R. B. Reznik, "Source Assessment: Wood-Fired Residential Combustion Equipment Field Tests," U. S. Environmental Protection Agency report number MRC DA-EPA-600/2-79-019, 1979, Draft copy.

22. M. L. Lee, G. P. Prado, J. B. Howard, and R. .l-lites, "Source identification of urban airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by gas chromatographic mass spectrometry and high resolution mass spectrometry," Biomedical Mass Spectrometry 4: 182 (1977) .

23. "The Trace Chemistries of Fire - A Source of and Routes for the Entry of Chlorinated Dioxins into the Environment," by the Chlorinated Dioxin Task Force, The Michigan Division, Dow Chemical, U.S.A., 1978.

24. R. L. Rawls, "Dow finds support, doubt for dioxin ideas," Chem. Eng. News 23 (Feb. 12,1979).

25. "EPA disputes Dow's dioxin theory," Chem. Eng. News 6 (Feb. 26, 1979) .

26. "Dow dioxin data appear reliable," Chem. Eng. News 19 (July 2, 1979 .

27. "Debate continues over Dow's dioxin theory," Chem. Eng. News, 27 (Sept. 24, 1979).

28. K. Olie, P. L. Vermeulen, and O. Huntzicker, "Chlorodibenzop-dioxins and chlorodibenzofurnas are trace components in Hy ash and flue gas of some municipal incinerators in the Netherlands," Chemosphere (No. 8): 455 (1977).

29. H. R. Buser, H. P. Bosshardt, and C. Rappe,"Identif1cation of polychlorinated dibenzo-o-dioxin isomers found in fly ash," Chemosphere (No. 2): 165 (1978).

30. D. Hoffman, and E. L. Wynder, "Environmental Respiratory Carcinogens," in Chemical Carcinagens, ed. by C. E. Searle, American Chemical Society, 1976, p. 329.

31. Particulate Polycyclic Or anic Matter, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, DC; 1972, p. 5.

32. B. L. Van Duuren, "Tumor-Promoting and Co-Carcinogenic Agents in Chemical Carcinogenesis" in Chemical Carcinogens ed. by C. E. Searle, American Chemical Society, Washington, .C. 1 7 .

33. Air Pollution Monograph Series, World Health Organization, Geneva, 1961.

34. H. H. Schrenk, et al., "Air Pollution in Donora, Pennsylvania," Public Health Service Bulletin No. 306, Washington, D.C., 1949, p. 74.

35. W. F. Ashe, in United States Technical Con/erence on Air Pollution, L. C. McCabe ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, NY 1952.

36. W. P. D. Logan, "Morta1ity in the London fog incident," Lancet, l:336 (1953).

37. R. l. Larsen, "Relating air pollutant effects to concentration and control." JAPCA 20: 214 (1970).

38. "Airborne Particles," U. S. Dept. of Commerce, publication no. PB-276-723 November 1977.

39. "United Kingdom Smoke Control Areas under the Clean Air Acts of 1956, 1964, and 1963," published by National Society for Clean Air, 136 North Street, Brighton BN1 1RG, England.

40. J. R. Williams and C. G. Justus, "Evaluation of nationwide health costs of air pollution and cigarette smoking," JAPCA 24: 1063 (1974).

41. P. Pott, Chirurgical Works, Vol. 5, p. 63, London, 1775.

42. M. D. Kiplin ,"Soots, Tara, and Oils as Causes of Occupational Cancer," in Chemical Carcinogens, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1976, pp. 315.

43. F. P. Perera and A. K. Ahmed, Respirable Particles, Natural Resources Defense Council, Inc., New York, October 1978.

44. H. F. Kraybill, "Conceptual Approaches to the Assessment of Nonoccupational Environmental Cancer", in Environmental Cancer, ed. V H. F. Kraybill and M. A. Mehlman, John Wiley & Son, New York, 1977, p27.

45. D. Hoffman and E. L. ynder, "Environmental Respiratory Carcinogens," in Chemical Carcinogens, ed. by C. E. Searle, American Chemical Society, 1976, p. 324.

46. I. Schmeltz and D. Hoffman, "Nitrogen·containing compounds in tobacco and tobacco smoke," Chem. Dev. 77: 295 (1977).

47. "Can air pollutants cause chronic lung diseases?" Environ. Sci. Technol. 12: 1356 (1978).

48. B. W. Carnow, "The 'urban factor' and lung cancer: cigarette smoking or air pollution?" Environ. Health Perspectives 22: 17 197 .

49. B. W. Carnow and P. Meier, "Air pollution and pulmonary cancer," Arch. Environ. Health 27: 287 (1973).

50. L. Tomalis, et al., Cancer Research, April 1978; "Evaluation of the carcinogenicity of chemicals: A review of the monograph program of the International A enc for Research on Cancer P19 1 to 1977) Environ. News (March, 29, 1978).

51. Particulate Polycyclic Organic Matter, National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D. ., 1972, p. 234.

52. C. K. McMahon and S. N. Tsonkalas, "Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Forest Fire Smoke" in Carcinogenesis, Vol. 3: Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons, edited by P. W. Jones, and R.·I)iFreudenthal, Raven Press, New York, 1978, 61.

53. R. P. Hangebrauck, D. J. Von Lehmden, and . E. Meeker, "Emissions of polynuclear hydrocarbons and other pollutants from heat-generation and incineration processes," JAPCA 14: 267 (1964).

54. "Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors," U. S. Environmental Protection Agency report AP·42, Second Edition, 1 .

55. "Inhaled particulates," Environ. Sci. Technol. 12: 1353 (1978).

Dr. Cooper is Professor, Departrnent of Environmental Science, Oregon Graduate Center for Study and Research, 19600 N. W. Velker Road, Beaverton, OR 97005.

 

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